The impact of vehicle exhaust on urban air quality is indeed significant. Exhaust gas contains a variety of harmful substances, such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM), which are all important factors affecting air quality.

Carbon monoxide is one of the main pollutants in automobile exhaust and is produced due to incomplete combustion of fuel. Carbon monoxide is a colorless and odorless gas, but it is extremely harmful to human health. It can prevent hemoglobin from carrying oxygen and cause hypoxia in human tissues.

Hydrocarbons are the result of direct emissions in the form of gases from unburned or incompletely burned gasoline. Under the action of ultraviolet rays, hydrocarbons will react with other pollutants to form ozone and other complex compounds. These substances can irritate people's eyes and respiratory tract and have adverse effects on health.

Nitrogen oxides are mainly produced under high temperature conditions during the combustion process, and they play a key role in the formation of photochemical smog and haze. Photochemical smog events are caused by chemical reactions of pollutants in a large number of vehicle exhausts under the action of sunlight, causing irritation to human eyes and respiratory systems, and long-term exposure can pose serious threats to health.

Particulate matter is another important component in car exhaust, especially particulate matter such as PM2.5, which is less than or equal to 2.5 microns. They can carry a large amount of harmful substances into the human lungs and even into the blood circulation, causing great harm to human health. harm.

With the acceleration of my country's urbanization process and the improvement of residents' living standards, the number of automobiles has increased rapidly, and automobile exhaust emissions have also increased, which has aggravated the deterioration of urban air quality. At present, there is a certain gap between my country's urban atmospheric environment quality and the standards specified by the World Health Organization, and the level of air quality compliance is low.

In order to improve air quality, in addition to strengthening vehicle exhaust emission control, it is also necessary to improve air quality monitoring standards, such as including PM2.5 monitoring, and take effective measures to reduce vehicle exhaust emissions, such as promoting the use of new energy vehicles, improving fuel standards, Encourage public transportation and shared travel, etc. At the same time, real-time monitoring and intervention are carried out through air quality management systems such as vehicle-mounted air quality monitoring equipment (AQS module) to reduce the impact of exhaust emissions on air quality.

In summary, vehicle exhaust is one of the important factors affecting urban air quality, and effective measures must be taken to reduce its adverse impact on air quality to protect the health and quality of life of the people.