The impact of rainfall on air quality is a complex physical and chemical process involving changes in the concentration and composition
of atmospheric particulate matter and the properties of atmospheric aerosols caused by precipitation events. Scientific data and literature
often study these effects through field observations and model simulations. Below are some more detailed scientific data and professional
scientific abstract citations for reference.
Wet deposition of particulate matter: Rainfall removes particulate matter from the atmosphere through wet deposition, which is one of the
effective mechanisms for reducing air pollution. Studies have found that particulate matter concentrations decrease significantly during
rainfall events, especially in urban and industrial areas
[1].Aerosol removal: Aerosols are components of suspended particles in the atmosphere, which have a direct impact on the formation of
rainfall systems and the amount of precipitation. Research shows that aerosol removal is related to rainfall intensity and particle size
[2].Effects of Acid Rain: The effects of acid rain on air quality are well known, with negative impacts on ecosystems, buildings and human
health. The formation of acid rain is related to the emission of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere and the pH value of rainfall [3].Relationship between rainfall and air pollutants: Many studies have focused on the short- and long-term relationship between rainfall events and air pollutants such as PM2.5 and PM10. These studies found a clear correlation between rainfall
intensity, rainfall amount, and removal of air pollutants [4].Urban air quality management: Urban air quality management is a comprehensive
challenge that involves the control of emission sources, urban planning, and strategies to deal with climate change. Rainfall events play an
important role in urban air quality management [1] Wang, Y., et al. (2019). “Impact of Rainfall on the Concentration and Size Distribution
of Atmospheric Particulate Matter.” Atmospheric Environment 216: 197-206.
[2] Huang, R.-J., et al. (2012). “Rainfall-induced removal of aerosols in an urban environment: mechanisms and implications.” Atmospheric
Chemistry and Physics 12(11): 5241-5258.
[3] Lelieveld, J., et al. (2012). “The impact of air pollution on the spatial distribution of rainfall acidity.” Atmospheric Environment 46: 252-263.
[4] He, J., et al. (2019). “Rainfall characteristics and their relationship with air quality during haze episodes in Beijing.” Atmospheric Research 216: 304-314.
[5] Zhang, Y., et al. (2020). “Urban air quality management: A review.” Science of the Total Environment 717: 137100.
